Fifth and final story in a series
CEMENT HILL, SEEN BEHIND THE KINGSPORT RAILROAD DEPOT ON A EARLY POSTCARD.. THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN HOMES WERE BARELY SEEN OVER THE HILL SUMMITT.
"The houses on Cement Hill were not shanties.. they were just houses like anybody else's."
"There were homes on the top of the hill, but not in the front of it facing downtown," she says. "I guess they (the city) figured it would make the downtown look bad, so they didn't let them build houses on the town side. They were all on the back side.
Mrs. Russell was born in Kingsport, and lived on Cement Hill until she was 11 or 12 years old. She admits to not remembering a whole lot about "life on the hill" that early. She does say the homes were nice and comfortable, even though they were close together, and everybody "had it pretty easy."
FROM CEMENT HILL, LOOKING ACROSS THE
HOLSTON RIVER AND SLUICE, TOWARDS THE
HOLSTON ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
"Most of our neighbors were black families," she says. "There were maybe 2 or 3 white families, but there were more blacks than whites. Most of the black families were all from South Carolina that came to work in Kingsport. At my house, it was me, my grandfather Reed Alexander, my mother Corrine, and my uncle June in our little house."
THE PENN-DIXIE CEMENT PLANT, 1938. CEMENT HILL IS TO THE LEFT OF THIS PICTURE, WITH JUST A FEW WORKERS HOMES VISIBLE.
Mrs. Russell says, everybody who lived on Cement Hill, worked for the nearby Penn-Dixie Cement Plant, which owned the land on the hill. Of course, this is not surprising in Kingsport. The homes of Borden Village were built to house the workers of the nearby Borden Mills Plant.. the homes of Fort Robinson and West View Park housed workers for the downtown Mead Paper plant and the Kingsport Press.. and although Tennessee Eastman workers were scattered throughout the city, Green Acres, Litz Manor, Greenfields, Fair Acres, Ridgefields tended to get more concentrated populations of Eastman workers.
But many Penn-Dixie Cement workers had the convenience of living in homes, on land owned by their company that was very nearby. Mrs. Russell says, the only person who lived on Cement Hill, but did not work at Penn-Dixie was Eddie Ervin. He was the mail carrier.
1942 DOUGLASS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
FIRST GRADE ROSTER: Some students wholived on Cement Hill, others in the new Riverview Apartments
She says, when she was born, her family had arrived from Woodruff, South Carolina just a little while earlier. Her grandfather also came to work for Penn-Dixie Cement.
"My grandfather Reed Alexander, was a well-respected man," she says. "I always called him 'Pap.' I used to roll his cigarettes with this little machine he had. He never called me Ethel or Ruth, he called me 'Daughter' even though I was his granddaughter. In the house with us, was my uncle June and my mom Corrine. I did not know my grandmother much.. I was only about 2 or 3 years old, but I been told that I was the best-dressed little girl around. She belonged to the Holiness Church and I would go with her and I was dressed nice from head to toe. My uncle June also dressed nice.. a sharp dressed man. He used to shine shoes at Jason Taylor's hat shop."
FOOT BRIDGE OVER THE CLINCHFIELD-KINGSPORT RAILROAD YARD, FROM CEMENT HILL TO DOWNTOWN KINGSPORT
Mrs. Russell does not remember a lot of cars around Cement Hill, but she does remember a foot bridge between the hill and downtown Kingsport. "Scared to death of it," she laughs. "I used to crawl under the trains, just to keep from walking that bridge. It was too high up, I guess, but I sure didn't like to cross the tracks on it. I guess I was too young to know that it was probably fine to use it, but I saw it the first time and I hated it. They couldn't have dragged me across it. Eveyrbody else used it, though, going back and forth to downtown."
DOUGLASS ELEMENTARY-HIGH SCHOOL, WALNUT AVENUE AND BRISTOL HIGHWAY, KINGSPORTMrs. Russell attended Douglass Elementary School, when it was "up on East Walnut Avenue and the Bristol Highway (the corner is now East Sevier Avenue and East Center Street), and sometimes I would just walk to school from home. Other times, I would just call a Gilliam's Cab. Pap had an account with Gilliam's, and whenever I need one, it was right there. Gilliam's came in handy too, when I started going over to Riverview from home. Me and Janie Goodwin became good friends because we were in the same grade, and I started spending the night with her and her mother and Miss Bly. When I started coming over, the last memories I had of Cement Hill, was staying with Florida Lytle. She lived in Riverview Apartments #46. Since I was 11 years old, I would come over and stay with her because I was best friends with Janie."
ONE OF THE LANDFILL MONITORING STATIONS ON THE SIDE OF CEMENT HILLMany people knew that African-Americans lived on Cement Hill, but nobody had heard about what life was like there. Peaceful... calm... but what was the history of Cement Hill before anybody lived on it? Oddly enough.. it shares the same form of history as its successor, Riverview.
"The top part where you went to observe and take pictures from, Calvin" says out-going Kingsport City Manager John Campbell, "was pretty much a covered landfill. In fact, there are 3 landfills that Domtar has to monitor on a regular basis, and that would pretty prohibit any future development up there, except a passive recreation area. That's where we feel the future lies for Cement Hill."
ONE OF THREE LANDFILLS ON CEMENT HILL
He says, the idyllic life like Mrs. Russell and her neighbors lived would not be possible on the Cement Hill of today.
Campbell says, the Kingsport Leadership Group had developed some creative plans for putting housing on Cement Hill, but he says he's pretty sure that Domtar, the current owner of the property would ban that because of the landfill monitoring. "Some people say there's a lot of bad stuff in those landfills, but we (the city) doesn't know of anything other than routine, general miscellaneous materials that go into landfills," he says. "They are clearly marked, and they have been minitored in TDEC (Tennessee Department of Environment and Conversation) files. We have look through those files, and that's why we are looking at passive trails because with that, you can work around most landfill issues."
SITE OF THE NEW EASTMAN BALLFIELDS, AS SEEN FROM NEARBY CEMENT HILL... THE 4 SMALLER BALLFIELDS ARE PLANNED FOR THE LOWER PART OF THE PICTURE WHERE THE TREES ARE... THE LARGER BALLFIELD IS PLANNED FOR THE OPEN FIELD, WHERE "CLAY HILL" USED TO BE.
When the ballfields are built on the General Shale site, Campbell says, the athletic theme would fit in nicely with Cement Hill.
"We actually have some money set aside to purchase Cement Hill at what we think is a reasonable price," he says, "although we're not sure Domtar thinks it's reasonable. There's also money set aside to do a master plan. Our vision has been for the past two years is a passive recreation area for the most part, with walking trails and mountain biking trails. The idea of taking advantage of the views with some picnic shelters and overlooks is a good one. Also, planting trees in certain ways that would look good in artwork, even a waterfall there at the train station, have been talked about."
"The idea of developing Cement Hill, in conjunction with the new ballfields is a good one," Campbell says, "and it's definitely an idea we're considering."
CEMENT HILL: A LEGACY TO BE REMEMBERED
"I wouldn't mind seeing the history of Cement Hill preserved in any development they build," says former resident Ethel Ruth Russell. "I've never really thought about going back up there, other than just passing by on Industry Drive. Every time I do, I think about the gardens, the nice homes, and of course the hogpens."
"There's not too much to look at now, except a bare hill. Maybe that will change back to the nice area I knew, growing up."
TO SEE THE MAGNIFICIENT VIEWS FROM CEMENT HILL IN DOWNTOWN KINGSPORT, SEE THE SLIDE SHOW BELOW:
Created with Admarket's flickrSLiDR.
